Since art is concerned with personal application of knowledge
some kind of ingenuity and creativity is required to practice the basic
principles. It is said to be art because:
1) A successful manager practice the art of management in
the day-to-day job of managing an enterprise based on study observation and
experience.
2) There are various theories of management as propounded
by many management thinkers, which prescribe certain universal principles.
Science is a systemized body of knowledge that explains
certain general truths or the operation of general laws. We can say that
management has some characteristics of science.
1) Management has a systemized body of knowledge. It has
its own theory & principles that have developed over a period of time.
2) The principles of management have evolved over a period
of time based on repeated
experimentation and observation in different type of organizations.
3) Since the principle of management are not as exact as
the principle of science their application and use is not universal.
Thus, management as an art & a science are therefore
not mutually exclusive but complement each other
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